Substance abuse is a common problem in society and while it affects people of all ages, genders and races, some people are more likely to become addicted than others. But why does this happen, is substance abuse hereditary and what are the factors that influence substance abuse and addiction?

There is substantial evidence that suggests that there is a link between substance abuse and genetics. Individuals who have a parent, grandparent or other relative that abuses substances are more likely to also abuse substances. There are some genetic markers that scientists look for in determining whether one person is more predisposed to substance abuse than another.

However, the key word here is predisposed. Just because a person carries the markers for substance abuse and addiction does not necessarily mean that they will become dependent on substances. Avoiding substances that can be addictive should prevent a person from ever becoming addicted in the first place. Recognizing the genetic markers is therefore essential to avoiding substance abuse in the future.

For example, if you have a parent or other family member who has suffered from addiction to a specific substance in the past, it could mean that you have inherited this genetic trait. It is therefore best to avoid using substances that could lead to abuse and addiction.

A predisposition can also affect each person differently. Some people who carry genetic markers may become addicted to a substance faster than another. Others may find it more difficult to quit once they have started using a substance. Predisposed individuals may also abuse certain substances while having no reaction to other addictive substances.

There are many other external factors that also influence the likelihood of substance abuse. These environmental factors combined with a genetic predisposition can increase the risk of addiction to a specific substance or multiple substances dramatically.

Some external or environmental factors that can contribute to abuse include:

– People who live in poverty are more likely to abuse substances.

– Stress plays a huge role in abusing substances and addiction.

– Previous trauma may lead to substance abuse.

– Mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety or post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can also contribute to substance abuse where addiction results from an attempt to self-medicate.

– Relationships and social interactions with other people who abuse substances can affect the likelihood of becoming dependent on substances. This is especially true in child/parent relationships or where the addict acts as a role model to a younger person.

– Glorification in the media of substance abuse can contribute to substance abuse.

– Culture and religion can trigger substance abuse.

It is also important to note that not every person who has a relative or family members who abuse substances will carry the genes associated with substance abuse and addiction. For example, where both parents carry the gene and are abusing substances, one or more of the children are more than likely to inherit the gene.

So, is substance abuse hereditary? While scientists have identified a number of genetic markers that predispose individuals to substance abuse, environmental and other external factors must also be taken into consideration.